தந்தை

ஒவ்வொரு தந்தைக்கும் சமர்ப்பணம் :

ஈரைந்து மாதங்கள்
எனை சுமந்த அன்னைக்கு பின்
இது வரைக்கும் என் வாழ்வை
தோள் சுமந்த தோழன்

என்னை கருவாக்க சில நேரம்
இன்பம் கண்டார் ..
என்னை உருவாக்க இன்று
வரை எல்லாம் துறந்தார்

இரவெல்லாம் கண்ணீர்
இதழ் எல்லாம் உமிழ் நீர்
அன்று மாடியில் தூங்கும் போது
நிலவை ரசிதேன் _ அவர்
மடியிலே தூங்கிய பின்
நிலவை மறந்தேன்

நான் கண்மூடி படுக்கும்
வரை தூக்கம் இழந்தார் _ நான்
கால் எடுத்து நடக்கும் வரை
தோளில் சுமந்தார்

மாலையில் கைபிடித்து
மலையோரம் நடப்போம்
அவர் கை பிடித்து போனது
வெறும் பாதை அல்ல

நான் கால் வைத்த முதல்
பள்ளிக்கூடம் அதுவே

நிலவிலே மனிதன் போன
கதைகள் சொன்னார்
நான் நீதியில் வாழ பல
வழிகள் சொன்னார்

அன்று கதிரவன் மறையும்
வரை கால் சென்றது
அந்த காட்சி மட்டும் இன்று
வரை கண்ணில் உள்ளது

உழவாத நிலத்திலே உணவு
இல்லை
உருகாத தங்கத்தில் உருவம்
இல்லை
ஊதாத குழலுக்கு இசையும்
இல்லை
உதை வாங்கா பிள்ளைக்கு
உயர்வும் இல்லை

என்னை அடித்தவுடன்
அழுவது ஆறு கண்கள்
தாயின் கண்கள் எனை
துடைக்க ஓடி வந்தது
தந்தையின் கண்கள்
அழுவதற்கு மறைவில் சென்றது

நான் படிக்காமல் தூங்கி இருந்த
நேரத்தில் கூட _ நான்
படிப்பதற்கு தூங்காமல்
வேலை பார்தார்

என் எதிர்கால வாழ்கையில்
பூக்கள் வளர
தன் நிகழ் கால வாழ்வையே
பணயம் வைத்தார்

நான் வளரும் வரை
தோளில் தூக்கி வழி காட்டினார்
நான் வளர்ந்த பின்
தோளில் தட்டி வழி அனுப்பினார்

எனை கல்லூரி சேர்க்க உடமை
இழந்தார் _ என் கல்விக்கு ஒளி
ஏத்த உடலை வருத்தார்

என் கல்வியின் காசுக்கு தூக்கம்
இழந்தார் _ என் கண்ணீரின்
சமயம் எல்லாம் ஊக்கம்
கொடுதார் .

தியாகிகள் எல்லாம்
தந்தையாய் ஆகிறார்கள்
பல தந்தைகள் எல்லாம்
தியாகியாய் வாழ்கிறார்கள்

Sixty Amazing But True Facts!!!

In the weightlessness of space a frozen pea will explode if it comes in contact with Pepsi.
The increased electricity used by modern appliance parts is causing a shift in the Earth's magnetic field. By the year 2327, the North Pole will be located in mid-Kansas, while the South Pole will be just off the coast of East Africa.
The idea for "tribbles" in "Star Trek" came from gerbils, since some gerbils are actually born pregnant.
Male rhesus monkeys often hang from tree branches by their amazing prehensile penises.
Johnny Plessey batted .331 for the Cleveland Spiders in 1891, even though he spent the entire season batting with a rolled-up, lacquered copy of the Toledo Post-Dispatch.
Smearing a small amount of dog feces on an insect bite will relieve the itching and swelling.
The Boeing 747 is capable of flying upside-down if it weren't for the fact that the wings would shear off when trying to roll it over.
The trucking company Elvis Presley worked at as a young man was owned by Frank Sinatra.
The only golf course on the island of Tonga has 15 holes, and there's no penalty if a monkey steals your golf ball.
Legislation passed during WWI making it illegal to say "gesundheit" to a sneezer was never repealed.
Manatees possess vocal chords which give them the ability to speak like humans, but don't do so because they have no ears with which to hear the sound.
SCUBA divers cannot pass gas at depths of 33 feet or below.
Catfish are the only animals that naturally have an ODD number of whiskers.
Replying more than 100 times to the same piece of spam e-mail will overwhelm the sender's system and interfere with their ability to send any more spam.
Polar bears can eat as many as 86 penguins in a single sitting.
The first McDonald's restaurant opened for business in 1952 in Edinburgh, Scotland, and featured the McHaggis sandwich.
The Air Force's F-117 fighter uses aerodynamics discovered during research into how bumblebees fly.
You *can* get blood from a stone, but only if contains at least 17 percent bauxite.
Silly Putty was "discovered" as the residue left behind after the first latex condoms were produced. It's not widely publicized for obvious reasons.
Approximately one-sixth of your life is spent on Wednesdays.
The skin needed for elbow transplants must be taken from the scrotum of a cadaver.
The sport of jai alai originated from a game played by Incan priests who held cats by their tails and swung at leather balls. The cats would instinctively grab at the ball with their claws, thus enabling players to catch them.
A cat's purr has the same romance-enhancing frequency as the voice of singer Barry White.
The typewriter was invented by Hungarian immigrant Qwert Yuiop, who left his "signature" on the keyboard.
The volume of water that the Giant Sequoia tree consumes in a 24-hour period contains enough suspended minerals to pave 17.3 feet of a 4-lane concrete freeway.
King Henry VIII slept with a gigantic axe.
Because printed materials are being replaced by CD-ROM, microfiche and the Internet, libraries that previously sank into their foundations under the weight of their books are now in danger of collapsing in extremely high winds.
In 1843, a Parisian street mime got stuck in his imaginary box and consequently died of starvation.
Touch-tone telephone keypads were originally planned to have buttons for Police and Fire Departments, but they were replaced with * and # when the project was cancelled in favor of developing the 911 system.
Human saliva has a boiling point three times that of regular water.
Calvin, of the "Calvin and Hobbes" comic strip, was patterned after President Calvin Coolidge, who had a pet tiger as a boy.
Watching an hour-long soap opera burns more calories than watching a three-hour baseball game.
Until 1978, Camel cigarettes contained minute particles of real camels.
You can actually sharpen the blades on a pencil sharpener by wrapping your pencils in aluminum foil before inserting them.
To human taste buds, Zima is virtually indistinguishable from zebra urine.
Seven out of every ten hockey-playing Canadians will lose a tooth during a game. For Canadians who don't play hockey, that figure drops to five out of ten.
A dog's naked behind leaves absolutely no bacteria when pressed against carpet.
A team of University of Virginia researchers released a study promoting the practice of picking one's nose, claiming that the health benefits of keeping nasal passages free from infectious blockages far outweigh the negative social connotations.
Among items left behind at Osama bin Laden's headquarters in Afghanistan were 27 issues of Mad Magazine. Al Qaeda members have admitted that bin Laden is reportedly an avid reader.
Urine from male cape water buffaloes is so flammable that some tribes use it for lantern fuel.
At the first World Cup championship in Uruguay, 1930, the soccer balls were actually monkey skulls wrapped in paper and leather.
Every Labrador retriever dreams about bananas.
If you put a bee in a film canister for two hours, it will go blind and leave behind its weight in honey.
Due to the angle at which the optic nerve enters the brain, staring at a blue surface during sex greatly increases the intensity of orgasms.
Never hold your nose and cover your mouth when sneezing, as it can blow out your eyeballs.
Centuries ago, purchasing real estate often required having one or more limbs amputated in order to prevent the purchaser from running away to avoid repayment of the loan. Hence an expensive purchase was said to cost "an arm and a leg."
When Mahatma Gandhi died, an autopsy revealed five gold Krugerrands in his small intestine.
Aardvarks are allergic to radishes, but only during summer months.
Coca-Cola was the favored drink of Pharaoh Ramses. An inscription found in his tomb, when translated, was found to be almost identical to the recipe used today.
If you part your hair on the right side, you were born to be carnivorous. If you part it on the left, your physical and psychological make-up is that of a vegetarian.
When immersed in liquid, a dead sparrow will make a sound like a crying baby.
In WWII the US military planned to airdrop over France propaganda in the form of Playboy magazine, with coded messages hidden in the models' turn-ons and turn-offs. The plan was scrapped because of a staple shortage due to rationing of metal.
Although difficult, it's possible to start a fire by rapidly rubbing together two Cool Ranch Doritos.
Napoleon's favorite type of wood was knotty chestnut.
The world's smartest pig, owned by a mathematics teacher in Madison, WI, memorized the multiplication tables up to 12.
Due to the natural "momentum" of the ocean, saltwater fish cannot swim backwards.
In ancient Greece, children of wealthy families were dipped in olive oil at birth to keep them hairless throughout their lives.
It is nearly three miles farther to fly from Amarillo, Texas to Louisville, Kentucky than it is to return from Louisville to Amarillo.
The "nine lives" attributed to cats is probably due to their having nine primary whiskers.
The original inspiration for Barbie dolls comes from dolls developed by German propagandists in the late 1930s to impress young girls with the ideal notions of Aryan features. The proportions for Barbie were actually based on those of Eva Braun.
The Venezuelan brown bat can detect and dodge individual raindrops in mid-flight, arriving safely back at his cave completely dry

2 Tough Questions

Question 1:

If you knew a woman who was pregnant, who had 8 kids already, three who were deaf, two who were blind, one mentally retarded, and she had syphilis, would you recommend that she have an abortion?

Read the next question before looking at the response for this one.

Question 2:

It is time to elect a new world leader, and only your vote counts.Here are the facts about the three candidates. Who would you vote for?

Candidate A.

Associates with crooked politicians, and consults with astrologist.
He’s had two mistresses. He also chain smokes and drinks 8 to 10 martinis a day.

Candidate B.

He was kicked out of office twice, sleeps until noon , used opium in college and drinks a quart of whiskey every evening.

Candidate C

He is a decorated war hero. He’s a vegetarian, doesn’t smoke, drinks an occasional beer and never cheated on his wife.

Which of these candidates would be our choice?

Decide first… no peeking, then scroll down for the response.

Candidate A is Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Candidate B is Winston Churchill.
Candidate C is Adolph Hitler.

And, by the way, on your answer to the abortion question:

If you said YES, you just killed Beethoven.

Pretty interesting isn’t it? Makes a person think before judging someone.


Remember:

Amateurs…built the ark.
Professionals…built the Titanic

Never Fail To Make An Attempt

As my friend was passing the elephants, he suddenly stopped, confused by the fact that these huge creatures were being held by only a small rope tied to their front leg. No chains, no cages. It was obvious that the elephants could, at anytime, break away from the ropes they were tied to but for some reason, they did not. My friend saw a trainer nearby and asked why these beautiful, magnificent animals just stood there and made no attempt to get away.

“Well,” he said, “when they are very young and much smaller we use the same size rope to tie them and, at that age, it’s enough to hold them. As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe they cannot break away. They believe the rope can still hold them, so they never try to break free.” My friend was amazed. These animals could at any time break free from their bonds but because they believed they couldn’t, they were stuck right where they were.

Just like these elephants, many of us were brought up with a false self-limiting belief of some sort – ‘I’m not good enough’ or ‘why try if I am not going to make it’, or ‘success, riches & freedom are for the chosen ones’, ‘entrepreneurship is not for me’, ‘I’m only destined to do a job I hate & pay the bills’ and many more versions of this same belief that underestimates the capability, talent, and potential within us.

Your Attempt May Fail But Never Fail To Attempt

Longest Words

The longest word in standard English dictionaries is pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis at 45 letters long.

The longest English word that does not contain the letter 'e' is floccinaucinihilipilification at 29 letters.

Cabbaged and fabaceae, each 8 letters long, are the longest words that can be played on a musical instrument.

Aegilops, 8 letters long, is the longest word with its letters arranged in alphabetical order.

Spoonfed, 9 letters long, is the longest word with its letters arranged in reverse alphabetical order.

CIMICIC and CIMICID, each 7 letters long, are the longest words that are exclusively made up of Roman numerals when written in upper case. Among words consisting of only Roman numeral letters, the "highest scoring" are MIMIC (2,102) and IMMIX (2,012).

Overnumerousnesses, 18 letters long, is the longest word that consists of only letters that lack ascenders, descenders and dots in lower case.

Lighttight and hillypilly, each 10 letters long, are the longest words consisting only of letters with ascenders, descenders and dots in lower case.

Tittifill, 9 letters long, is the longest word consisting only of letters with ascenders or dots in lower case.

Honorificabilitudinitatibus, 27 letters long, is the longest word consisting strictly of alternating consonants and vowels.

Dermatoglyphics, misconjugatedly and uncopyrightable , each 15 letters long, are the longest words in which no letter appears more than once.

Unprosperousness, 16 letters long, is the longest word in which each letter occurs at least twice.

Esophagographers, 16 letter long, is the longest word in which each of its letters occurs twice.

Discrete - discreet is the longest homophonic anagram (2 similarly pronounced words that are spelled differently but sound the same and are composed of the same letters).

Redivider is the longest common palindromic word ( a word reading the same backwards and forwards).

The longest words that are reverse images of each other are stressed and desserts .

Innocent Letter..........

A Nun asked her class to write notes to God.


Here are some they handed in:

**********

Dear God :

I didn't think orange went with purple until I saw the sunset You made on Tuesday. That was cool.


**********

Dear God:

Instead of letting people die and having to make new ones, why don't You keep the ones You already have?


**********

Dear God :

Maybe Cain and Abel would not have killed each other if they had their own rooms. That's what my Mom did for me and my brother.


**********

Dear God:

If You watch me in church on Sunday, I'll show You my new shoes.


**********

Dear God :

I bet it is very hard to love everyone in the whole world. There are only 4 people in our family and I'm having a hard time loving all of them.


**********

Dear God:

In school they told us what You do. Who does it when You are on vacation?


**********

Dear God :

Are You really invisible or is it just a trick?


**********

Dear God:

Is it true my father won't get into heaven if he uses his bowling words in the house?


**********

Dear God:

Did You mean for the giraffe to look like that or was it an accident?


**********

Dear God:

Who draws the lines around the countries?


**********

Dear God :

I went to this wedding and they kissed right in the church. Is that OK?


**********

Dear God:

Did You really mean "do unto others as they do unto you"? Because if You did, then I'm going to get my brother good.


**********

Dear God:

Thank You for the baby brother, but I think you got confused because what I prayed for was a puppy.


**********

Dear God:

Please send me a pony. I never asked for anything before. You can look it up.


**********

Dear God:

I want to be just like my Daddy when I get big, but not with so much hair all over.


**********

Dear God:

You don't have to worry about me; I always look both ways.


**********

Dear God :

I think about You sometimes, even when I'm not praying.


**********

Dear God:

Of all the people who worked for You, I like Noah and David the best.


**********

Dear God :

My brother told me about being born but it doesn't sound right. They're just kidding, aren't they?


**********

Dear God:

I would like to live 900 years just like the guy in the Bible.


**********

Dear God :

We read Thomas Edison made light. But in Sunday school they said You did it. So, I bet he stole Your idea.

*********************************

Barber Shop!!!!!!!!!!!!

A guy stuck his head into a barber shop and asked,
"How long before I can get a haircut?'

The barber looked around the shop full of customers and said, "About 2
hours."

The guy left.

A few days later the same guy stuck his head in the door and asked, "How
long before I can get a haircut?"

The barber looked around at the shop and said, "About 3 hours."

The guy left.

A week later the same guy stuck his head in the shop and asked,
"How long before I can get a haircut?"

The barber looked around the shop and said, "About an hour and half."

The guy left.

The barber turned to a friend and said, "Hey, Bill,
do me a favor. Follow that guy and see where he goes.
He keeps asking how long he has to wait for a haircut, but then he doesn't
ever come back."

A little while later, Bill returned to the shop, laughing hysterically.

The barber asked, "So where does that guy go when he leaves?"

Bill looked up, tears in his eyes and said,

"Your house!"

A Beautiful Story...........

An old man lived alone in a village. He wanted to spade his potato garden, but it was very hard work.

His only son, who would have helped him, was in prison.

The old man wrote a letter to his son and mentioned his situation:

Dear Son,

I am feeling pretty bad because it looks like I won't be able to plant my potato garden this year. I hate to miss doing the garden, because your mother always loved planting time. I'm just getting too old to be digging up a garden plot. If you were here, all my troubles would be over. I know you would dig the plot for me, if you weren't in prison.

Love,
Dad

Shortly, the old man received this telegram: "For Heaven's sake, Dad, don't dig up the garden!! That's where I buried the GUNS!!"

At 4 a.m. the next morning, a dozen FBI agents and local police officers showed up and dug up the entire garden without finding any guns.

Confused, the old man wrote another note to his son telling him what happened, and asked him what to do next.

His son's reply was: "Go ahead and plant your potatoes, Dad.. It's the best I could do for you from here."

Moral:

NO MATTER WHERE YOU ARE IN THE WORLD, IF YOU HAVE DECIDED TO DO SOMETHING DEEP FROM YOUR HEART YOU CAN DO IT. IT IS THE THOUGHT THAT MATTERS NOT WHERE YOU ARE OR WHERE THE PERSON IS.

Top 10 Reasons We Should Revive the Dark Ages

First off, I must apologize for using the term “dark ages”, as it is a false term coined in the post-medieval period to cast aspersions over the middle ages. The dark ages were not dark – they were, in fact, a great time to live. I am a medievalphile, and suffer from hesternopothia so this list should come as no surprise! Here, we look at ten differences between then and now that are (subjectively of course) better than today. I expect this will probably be a controversial list, so do be sure to keep your comments friendly!

10
Low Tax



The tax rates in medieval England varied a lot, depending on the King and what was happening in society. The taxes seldom went above 15% but were more often closer to the 10% mark. For most people today this is nearly one third or half of the tax currently being paid. The taxes went to support the military and the King, and even in times of war the taxes were never excessive. Taxes were usually paid based on the quantity of land you owned, so people like serfs were often exempt from national taxes and paid, instead, tithes in the form (usually) of wheat to their land owners.

9
Great Lifestyle


We all know the Middle Ages had a more obvious separation of classes. However, regardless of which class you were in, you would have lived a better lifestyle. By “better” I mean healthier and easier. If you were an aristocrat you wouldn’t have worked a day in your life. You would eat delicious food all the time, and would have plenty of activities to keep you occupied. On the other hand, if you were a serf, you would work your fields during the summer months and laze about during the winter months enjoying your harvests (after the taxes you pay to your land owner). The only real requirement as a serf was that you pay your tithes (usually in wheat) and do a few other odd jobs, but, aside from that, you could do anything you wanted with your land, and the land owner had to guarantee you protection from criminals and provide for you in times of famine. Some serfs became incredibly wealthy through the wise use of their land.

8
Crime


The middle ages knew roughly 5 serial killers. Most of you will be able to name three of them: Elizabeth Bathory, Gilled de Rais and Sawney Bean (who may not have existed at all). Now try to name as many serial killers from the modern ages that you know. A lot more I bet. There were definitely a lot of murders in the Middle Ages, but the chances of the average person being a victim of murder were low. Murderers were tried and executed, and those who committed petty crimes were usually publicly shamed or fined. The stories we hear of people’s hands being cut off for stealing were usually from Eastern countries, or were during the very early years of the Middle ages, when Europe was establishing itself into the formation we generally know it today.

7
No Lobbyists



Unlike most of our countries today, there were no lobbyists, and governments (mostly ruled over by Kings) were not prone to switching policies every other year. In our current system we can expect to see fairly drastic changes to the laws under which we live every few years – in the Middle ages you had the same law (with a few exceptions) for most of your life. Life under a benevolent King was good for law abiding citizens, and you knew that unless the King was old, sick, or off fighting a war, tomorrow would be the same as today. This stability is something most of us have never known, so it can be hard to appreciate how much better it was than the present systems which have given rise to all manner of bizarre ideas such as the fart tax.

6
Money was Money


Since the end of the gold standard, money has become more a concept than a reality. In the Middle Ages, money was money. If you had gold, you had gold. Today’s monetary systems are largely controlled by the International Monetary Fund, and the ability of a nation to print money on demand has caused the recent devaluation of many currencies. The old adage says money doesn’t grow on trees – but, unfortunately, modern governments don’t know it. Food prices were relatively constant (with the exception of times of famine and during the price revolution), and people didn’t need to spend half their income paying off debts for things they didn’t need. In fact, society took a great turn for the worse in the so-called renaissance, which started a smear campaign against the Medieval feudal system in order to gain support for the new capital-based system. An economy based on production was replaced by an economy based on how much gold the King released to the public. Here is a quote from Life Inc: How Corporatism Conquered the World, and How We Can Take It Back.

“Land was no longer a thing the peasants could grow stuff on, land became an investment, land became an asset class for the wealthy. Once it became an asset class they started Partitioning and Enclosure, which meant people weren’t allowed to grow stuff on it, so subsistence farming was no longer a viable lifestyle. If you can’t do subsistence farming you must find a job, so then you go into the city and volunteer to do unskilled labor in a proto-factory for some guy who wants the least-skilled, cheapest labor possible. You move your whole family to where the work is, into the squalor, where conditions are overcrowded and impoverished — the perfect breeding ground for plague and death!”

Oh – and for a point of reference, the average wage in the mid 1400s was about 6 pennies a day – that equates to 130 modern pounds a day – compared to the current average in the UK of around 96 pounds per day.




5
Live Long and Prosper



People in the Middle Ages did (on average) prosper. And, contrary to popular belief, they also lived long! In general, a person in the Middle Ages who reached the age of 21 would live to just one or two years below the current average human life expectancy rate (mid-late sixties). Where the idea of dying at thirty came from, I do not know, but this myth has given rise to untold others, such as the “fact” the people had to marry in their early teen years (or worse – pre-teen years) because they would be dead before long. Infant mortality rates were higher than today, but, generally, people in the Middle Ages didn’t have on-demand access to the medical knowledge we have now. And, despite the death rates, most families had more children than today’s planned family structures, which could potentially result in a human population decline, as is already happening in some nations. Such nations include Italy and Russia (contrary to the bizarre and wrong notion that the Earth is overpopulated). Out of interest, here is a small list of countries currently in population decline: Russia, including Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Bulgaria, Georgia, Armenia, Bosnia, Croatia, Slovenia, Germany, Hungary, and Italy. And here are nations about to go into decline: Greece, Spain, Cuba, Uruguay, Denmark, Finland, Austria and Lesotho.

4
Beauty


While a lot of people like modern art, many don’t. But most who do like it also appreciate the beauty of traditional art. In the Middle Ages virtually everyone in the West had access to at least one or two items of beauty. Whether it be a statue, or an image in a Church or beautiful tapestries made by family members – life was not a dull gray existence. Tapestry making was a popular pastime in the Middle Ages, and the survival of many of those works of art teaches us a lot about history (the Bayeux tapestry being the most well known example). And, even if you didn’t have access to tapestries or paintings, you could see some of the most incredible works of art in the vestments worn by priests at Mass every day, which were often woven with the addition of gold thread.

3
Knights And Damsels


I am pretty sure that no one will disagree with this entry. Who wouldn’t want to live the life of a knight? You get to run around slaying the enemy in battles, dressed in armor and riding huge warhorses – and when you get some time off you get to save damsels in distress; and if we are to believe the story books, there are plenty of those to go around! Knights only had to give 40 days a year to their lord – after that they would spend their days in tournaments (initially very dangerous battles, but later more like games and competitions). A young man would start his knight training early and would become a full fledged knight between the ages of 16 and 20.

2
Amazing Food



No genetically modified food, no chemicals, no intensive farming, no need for the “organic” label. These are just four of the many reasons that medieval food was better than what we have today. But, perhaps most importantly, none of the food had had its flavor bred out of it in order to make it look appealing to supermarket shopping masses. And, contrary to popular belief, people in the middle ages ate very well. Here is what BBC says: “The average medieval peasant, however, would have eaten nearly two loaves of bread each day, and 8oz of meat or fish, the size of an average steak. This would have been accompanied by liberal quantities of vegetables, including beans, turnips and parsnips, and washed down by three pints of ale.” That equates to around 3,500 to 4,000 calories per day (the average man eats 2,700 these days).

1
Plenty of Work



The Middle Ages didn’t really have unemployment troubles like we do these days. If you were a serf, you worked the land. If you were in the unnamed middle class, you ran a shop or worked for a Lord. If you were upper class, you had hunting and fun stuff to do. In most cities huge Cathedrals were being built so most men could work in some capacity on those. If you really couldn’t work, it was usually because you were sick or had disabilities. People who couldn’t work were taken care of by charitable nuns and monks – or by their own families if they had sufficient funds to do so.

The world's ten extreme natural threats

The World's Biggest Wave
On 15 September 2004 the eye of a giant storm passed over a set of scientific gauges on the seabed of the Gulf of Mexico. The instruments measured the size of the waves created by Hurricane Ivan as it headed towards the American coast.
A study published today in the journal Science reveals that the hurricane created waves measuring at least 90 feet (30m) from crest to trough - the tallest and most extreme open-ocean waves ever recorded by modern instruments.
By monitoring differences in water pressure on the seabed, the scientists were able to estimate the size of the column of water overhead.
The findings demonstrate that scientists have in the past underestimated the size of the waves that can be generated by hurricanes, said William Teague from the Naval Research Laboratory in Stennis Space Centre, Mississippi.
The waves recorded were the size of a 10-storey building but were probably not the largest that the hurricane had generated, Dr Teague said.
He estimated that even bigger waves up to 132 feet tall were being created in other parts of the huge tropical cyclone.
Hurricane Ivan had already ripped through the island of Grenada when the seabed readings were taken, and went on to cause death and destruction on Jamaica, the Cayman island and finally the United States where it petered out.
The wave-measuring instruments on the seabed are shaped liked barnacles and are designed to help engineers build structures such as oil platforms that have to withstand extreme conditions.


The worst hurricane

Hurricane Mitch, which killed about 11,000 people in 1998, is considered to be the most destructive hurricane of modern times. Mitch struck Central America in October and November, destroying about 100,000 homes and leaving about 2.5 million people dependent on relief aid. Wind speeds reached 180mph for a 24-hour period, making it the strongest hurricane in the Caribbean in more than a decade.
Hurricanes normally last for between nine and 10 days and move westwards at a speed of about 12mph, gradually curving away from the equator as they move.
They are one of the most dramatic and destructive forces in nature. According to Bill McGuire, author of Surviving Armageddon and a natural hazards expert at University College London, the past 12 months have been the worst on record for hurricanes.
Five have struck Florida alone and the forecast for this year is that there will be about four times as many hurricanes as the annual average.


Heaviest rainfall

About 1.8 inches (4.6cm) of rain fell in a minute at Basse Terre in Guadeloupe on 26 November 1970 and 53 inches fell over a 12-hour period at Belouve on La Reunion island in the Indian Ocean.
The highest average annual rainfall - some 450 inches - is at Mt Waialeale in Hawaii. The highest recorded annual rainfall was 1,042 inches (nearly 87 feet) at Cherrapunji, India. It also recorded the highest rainfall in a calender month - 366 inches, or 30ft 6in.
Bombay last month recorded the highest rainfall in a single day in India - 37.1 inches.


Coldest place on Earth
The lowest recorded temperature outside a science laboratory was at the Russian research station at Vostok in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. It was minus 89.2C (minus 128.6F), cold enough to freeze your breath.
The temperature there is regularly between minus 30C and minus 60C, a result of the exceptionally high speed of the winds at this part of the frozen continent and the lack of solar radiation during the winter, when the days pass in complete darkness.
And while minus 89.2C is the official record, Vostok station reported, unofficially, that Vostok reached the temperature of minus 91C during the winter of 1997.


Hottest place on Earth
There are many contenders for this record. A weather station in El Azizia in Libya recorded 57.8C (136F) - hot enough to fry an egg - in 1922.
This record meets technical requirement in being made using a thermometer 5 feet above the ground in an enclosed, shaded area.
Other locations have, however, almost certainly been hotter, but no formal record is available.
The Dallol Depression in Ethiopia, which is more than 100 meters below sea level, features yellow sulphur fields among the white salt beds. Temperatures can reach as high as 63C.
Another contender is Death Valley in California, which is also below sea level, where temperatures have been recorded as reaching 49C.


Wave of tornados
In April 1974, southern and mid-western US suffered its worst tornado episode. Over a 24-hour period, 148 swept through the region. Thirteen states from Alabama to Virginia were affected. After 16 hours, 330 people were dead and 5,484 were injured in a damage path covering more than 2,500 miles. Tornadoes form during thunder storms when warm, humid air collides with colder air to form a swirling vortex.


Driest place on Earth
The Atacama desert in northern Chile is the most arid tract of land known. On average the buff-coloured sands of this region receive less than 0.004in of rain a year. Some parts of the desert have not seen rainfall in 400 years; scientists see it as a good training ground for testing instruments to search for the presence of water on other planets.
The Atacama desert owes its conditions to the fact that it is sandwiched between the high mountains of the Andes on the east and the exceptionally cold currents of the Pacific Ocean in the west. Bodies buried there by prehistoric people are almost perfectly preserved as natural mummies.


The world's worst modern meteor strike
Early in the morning of 30 June 1908 a large and mysterious explosion occurred in the sky over eastern Siberia. Visitors to the site of the explosion at Tunguska in northern Russia saw catastrophic damage, with thousands of acres of forest felled.
Local reindeer herdsmen said they were blown off their feet during the impact. The fireball lit up the night sky for hundreds of miles around - some say that it could even be seen from London.
Scientists now believe the event was caused by a large meteorite breaking up as it entered the Earth's atmosphere. The lump of space rock exploded at an altitude of about 4 miles (6.4km), sending a huge pulse of explosive energy to the ground that flattened everything in its path.
T

he most destructive earthquakes
On 22 May 1960 an earthquake with a magnitude of 9.5 on the Richter scale struck off the coast of Chile. It is estimated to have accounted for about a quarter of the seismic energy released by all earthquakes in the past century. The US Geological Survey said that the earthquake killed 2,000 people, injured 3,000 and made another 2 million homeless. Tsunamis travelled across the Pacific, causing millions of pounds worth of damage in Hawaii, Japan, the west coast of the US and the Philippines.
However, the most destructive earthquake in modern times was in Tangshan, north-east of the Chinese capital of Beijing, in 1976. Officially the death toll was 242,419; unofficial estimates said 750,000.


The world's biggest volcanos
The most destructive volcanic eruption in modern times was that of Tambora on the Sumbawa island of Indonesia. It began on 5 April 1815 with a moderate explosion. Five days later "three columns of fire" rose into the sky and an estimated 50 cubic kilometres of molten magma were expelled. An estimated 92,000 died from the explosion or resulting starvation.
The debris thrown into the atmosphere caused global climate change. Crops failed as far away as America and many tens of thousands of people died from famine in the immediate vicinity of the eruption.

Take care of your parents

A simple man tells how his booking an air ticket for his father, his first flight, brought emotions and made him realize that how much we all take for granted when it comes to our parents.


My parents left for our native place on Thursday and we went to the airport to see them off. In fact, my father had never traveled by air before, so I just took this opportunity to make him experience the same.


In spite of being asked to book tickets by train, I got them tickets on Flight.


The moment I handed over the tickets to him, he was surprised to see that I had booked them by air.



The excitement was very apparent on his face, waiting for the time of travel. Just like a school boy, he was preparing himself on that day and we all went to the airport, right from using the trolley for his luggage, the baggage check-in and asking for window seat and waiting restlessly for the security check-in to happen.


He was thoroughly enjoying himself and I, too, was overcome with joy watching him experience all these things.


As they were about to go in for the security check-in, he walked up to me with tears in his eyes and thanked me. He became very emotional and it was not as if I had done something great but the fact that this meant a great deal to him.


When he said thanks, I told him there was no need to thank me.


But later, thinking about the entire incident, I looked back at my life.


As a child how many dreams our parents have made come true. Without understanding the financial situation, we ask for football, dresses, toys, outings, etc. Irrespective of their affordability, they have satisfied to all our needs. Did we ever think about the sacrifices they had to make to accommodate many of our wishes?


Did we ever say thanks for all that they have done for us?


Same way, today when it comes to our children, we always think that we should put them in a good school. Regardless of the amount of donation, we will ensure that we will have to give the child the best, theme parks, toys, etc. But we tend to forget that our parents have sacrificed a lot for our sake to see us happy, so it is our responsibility to ensure that their dreams are realized and what they failed to see when they were young, it is our responsibility to ensure that they experience all those and their life is complete.


Many times, when my parents had asked me some questions, I have actually answered back without patience. When my daughter asks me something, I have been very polite in answering. Now I realize how they would have felt at those moments.


Let us realize that old age is a second childhood and just as we take care of our children,the same attention and same care need to be given to our parents and elders.


Rather than my dad saying thank you to me, I would want to say sorry for making him wait so long for this small dream. I do realize how much he has sacrificed for my sake and I will do my best to give the best possible attention to all their wishes.


Just because they are old does not mean that they will have to give up everything and keep sacrificing for their grandchildren also. They have wishes, too.


Take care of ur parents.

About 1500 stars are visible at night with the naked eye in a clear, dark sky. There are 88 canstellations altogether; the smallest star measuring about 1700km across, it is a white dwarf called LP 327-16!

In ancient Rome only important people wore purple clothes; this is because the purple dye came from a particular kind of shellfish and was very expensive!

Lava from an erupting volcano may be as hot as 1200 degrees celsius!

Some of the oldest mountains in the world are located in Scotland; they are estimated to be about 400 million years old!

Blue whales weigh up to 7 tonnes at birth!

The longest jail sentence till date was passed in the United States; 10,000 years for a triple murder charge!

Astronauts become a little taller in space; there's less gravity, so their bones are less bonded together!

About 20% of all volcanoes are underwater!

The Amazon 'Jesus Christ Lizard' can run across water!

The industrial complex of Cubatao in Brazil is known as the valley of death; because of its pollution, which has destroyed the trees and rivers nearby!

The loudest noise ever known till date was produced by a volcanic eruption at krakatoa, near Japan in 1883; the sound was heard in Australia, 5000km away!

The first woman in space was Valentina Tereshkova, from the USSR; in june 1963!

Some animals can grow new parts of their body if damaged; starfish can grow new arms, lizards can grow broken-off tails!

The fastest growing tree is the eucalyptus; it can grow up to 10 meters in a year!

Over 4 million cars in Brazil are now running on gasohol instead of gasoline/petrol. Gasohol is a fuel made from sugarcane!

The world's largest recorded gathering of people till date was at a Hindu religious festival in India in 1989; it was attended by about 15 million people!

Sharks, in their 400 million years on earth have shown an extraordinary ability to resist cancer and other diseases. This has raised hopes among medical researchers that the ocean's most feared predator might turn out to be the cancer patient's best friend; investigators continue to study the immune system of sharks to see if it can provide the answer to stop the spread of cancer in humans!

Yuri Gagarin survived the first manned space flight but was killed in a plane crash seven years later!

The first animal in space was the soviet dog, Laika, in November, 1957; it died on the flight!

The largest tree in the world is a giant sequoia growing in california; it is 84 meters tall and measures 29 meters round the trunk!

Abraham Lincoln went to school for less than a year; he taught himself how to read and write!

The world's largest palace till date has 1788 rooms; it was built for the Sultan of Brunei!

There is no land at all at the North pole; only large mass of water with ice covering it!

A mayfly only lives for a day; but a tortoise can live up to 100 years!

Levi Strauss (Levi's) made the first pair of jeans in 1850; they were intended as work trousers for American miners looking for gold!

With over 50 foreign cars already on sale here, the Japanese auto industry isn't likely to carve out a big slice of the U.S market. --Business week, 1958--!

The oldest living tree is a California bristle cone pine named 'Methuselah'; it is about 4600 yrs old!

Lake Bosumtwi in Ghana was formed in a hollow made by a meteorite!

The Antartic notothenia fish has a protein in its blood that acts like antifreeze and stops the fish from freezing in icy sea!

The cries of South American howler monkeys can be heard 16km away!

Winners say, If it is to be, it is up to me.
Losers say, I can't help it.
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Winners translate dreams into reality.
Losers translate reality into dreams.
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Winners empower.
Losers control.
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Winners say, Let's find out.
Losers say, Nobody knows.
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Winners are part of the solution.
Losers are part of the problem.
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Winners are not afraid of losing.
Losers are afraid of winning.
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Winners work harder than losers.
Losers are always too busy.
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Winners say, I was wrong.
Losers say, It was not my fault.
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Winners want to.
Losers have to..
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Winners always make time.
Losers often waste time.
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Winners say, I'll plan to do that.
Losers say, I'll try to do that.
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Winners say, I'm good but not as good as I can be.
Losers say, I'm not as bad as a lot of other people.
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Winners listen to what others say.
Losers wait until it's their turn to talk.
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Winners catch others doing things right.
Losers catch others doing things wrong.
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Winners learn from others.
Losers resent their colleagues.
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Winners see opportunities.
Losers see only the problems.
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Winners do it.
Losers talk about it.
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Winners feel responsible for more than their jobs.
Losers frequently state, I only work here.
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Winners say, There ought to be a better way.
Losers say, That's the way it's always been done.
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Winners celebrate others.
Losers complain about others.
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Winners are willing to pay the price.
Losers expect it on a silver platter.
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Winners always expect success.
Losers always expect failure.

Winners make thing happen Losers wait for thing to happen

Winners are self-disciplined
Losers are self-indulgent

Winners are achievers
Losers are sustainer's

Winners transcend environment
Losers controlled by environment

Winners: "What can I do for them?"
Losers: "What can they do for me?"

Winners think and act
Losers act and think

Winners are self-confident and never jealous of others
Losers have inferiority complex and are always jealous or others

Winners are never embarrassed to seek other’s help
Losers have second thought seeking help

Winners: "I can"
Losers:"I can't"

Winners consider problems as a stepping stone
Losers consider problems as a stumbling block

Winners persevere despite defeat
Losers entertain defeat

Winners are far-sighted
Losers are short-sighted

Winners are self-acceptant and never make any comparison with others
Losers always compare themselves with others

Winners see problems as a challenge
Losers see problems as a burden

Winners have high regard for themselves
Losers look down upon themselves

Winners are positive
Losers are negative

Winners are creative
Losers non-creative

Winners continue working while others have stopped
Losers stop working before others

Winners have time to think
Losers are lazy to think

Winners anticipate the unexpected
Losers can never tolerate the unexpected

Winners work smartly hard
Losers work blindly hard

Winners believe in themselves
Losers believe in fate

Winners regard 'man' as the highest and greatest value
Losers regard 'man' as tools to realize their goals

Winners hardly complain
Losers always complain

Winners think 'green'
Losers think 'red'

Winners live their own life
Losers live other's life

Winners see light in darkness
Losers see only darkness

Winners never quit
Losers readily to quit

Winners are non-conformists
Losers are conformists

Winners solve problems
Losers are dissolved by problems

Winners believe they can change, progress and improve
Losers believe they can't change, progress and improve

The List of different phobias

Ablutophobia - Fear of washing or bathing.
Acarophobia - Fear of itching or of the insects that cause itching.
Acerophobia - Fear of sourness.
Achluophobia - Fear of darkness.
Acousticophobia - Fear of noise.
Aeroacrophobia - Fear of open high places.
Aeronausiphobia - Fear of vomiting secondary to airsickness.
Aerophobia - Fear of drafts, air swallowing, or airborne noxious substances.
Agliophobia - Fear of pain.
Agoraphobia - Fear of open spaces or of being in crowded, public places like markets. Fear of leaving a safe place. Fear of crowds.
Agraphobia - Fear of sexual abuse.
Agrizoophobia - Fear of wild animals.
Agyrophobia - Fear of streets or crossing the street.
Aichmophobia - Fear of needles or pointed objects.
Ailurophobia - Fear of cats.
Albuminurophobia - Fear of kidney disease.
Alektorophobia - Fear of chickens.
Algophobia - Fear of pain.
Alliumphobia - Fear of garlic.
Allodoxaphobia - Fear of opinions.
Altophobia - Fear of heights.
Amathophobia - Fear of dust.
Amaxophobia - Fear of riding in a car.
Ambulophobia - Fear of walking.
Amnesiphobia - Fear of amnesia.
Amychophobia - Fear of scratches or being scratched.
Anablephobia - Fear of looking up.
Ancraophobia - Fear of wind.
Androphobia - Fear of men.
Anemophobia - Fear of air drafts or wind.
Anemophobia - Fear of wind.
Anginophobia - Fear of angina, choking of narrowness.
Anglophobia - Fear of England, English culture, ect.
Angrophobia - Fear of becoming angry.
Ankylophobia - Fear of immobility of a joint.
Anthophobia - Fear of flowers.
Anthrophobia - Fear of flowers.
Anthropophobia - Fear of people of society.
Antlophobia - Fear of floods.
Anuptaphobia - Fear of staying single.
Apeirophobia - Fear of infinity.
Aphenphosmphobia - Fear of being touched.
Apiphobia - Fear of bees.
Apotemnophobia - Fear of persons with amputations.
Arachibutyrophobia - Fear of peanut butter sticking to the roof of the mouth.
Arachnephobiba - Fear of spiders.
Arachnophobia - Fear of spiders.
Arithmophobia - Fear of numbers.
Arrhenophobia - Fear of men.
Arsonphobia - Fear of fire.
Ashenophobia - Fear of fainting or weakness.
Astraphobia - Fear of thunder and lightning.
Astrapophobia - Fear of thunder and lightning.
Astrophobia - Fear of stars and celestial space.
Asymmetriphobia - Fear of asymmetrical things.
Ataxiophobia - Fear of ataxia (muscular incoordination)
Ataxophobia - Fear of disorder or untidiness.
Atelophobia - Fear of imperfection.
Atephobia - Fear of ruin or ruins.
Athazagoraphobia - Fear of being forgotten or ignored or forgetting.
Atomosophobia - Fear of atomic explosions.
Atychiphobia - Fear of failure.
Aulophobia - Fear of flutes.
Aurophobia - Fear of gold.
Auroraphobia - Fear of Northern Lights.
Autodysomophobia - Fear that one has a vile odor.
Automatonophobia - Fear of ventriloquist's dummies, animatronic creatures, wax statues-anything that falsely represents a sentient being.
Automysophobia - Fear of being dirty.
Autophobia - Fear of being alone or of oneself.
Aviatophobia - Fear of flying.
Aviophobia - Fear of flying.
Bacillophobia - Fear of microbes.
Bacteriophobia - Fear of bacteria.
Balenephobia - Fear of pins and needles.
Ballistophobia - Fear of missles or bullets.
Barophobia - Fear of gravity.
Basiphobia - Inability to stand. Fear of walking or falling.
Basophobia - Inability to stand. Fear of walking or falling.
Bathophobia - Fear of depth.
Batonophobia - Fear of plants.
Batophobia - Fear of heights or being close to high buildings.
Batrachophobia - Fear of amphibians, such as frogs, newts, salamanders.
Bibliophobia - Fear of books.
Blennophobia - Fear of slime.
Bogyphobia - Fear of bogies or the bogeyman.
Bolshephobia - Fear of Bulsheviks.
Bromidrophobia - Fear of body smells.
Bromidrosiphobia - Fear of body smells.
Brontophobia - Fear of thunder and lightning.
Bufonophobia - Fear of toads.
Cacophobia - Fear of ugliness.
Cainophobia - Fear of newness, novelty.
Cainotophobia - Fear of newness, novelty.
Caligynephobia - Fear of beautiful women.
Cancerophobia - Fear of cancer.
Carcinophobia - Fear of cancer.
Cardiophobia - Fear of the heart.
Carnophobia - Fear of meat.
Catagelophobia - Fear of being ridiculed.
Catapedaphobia - Fear of jumping from high and low places.
Cathisophobia - Fear of sitting.
Catoptrophobia - Fear of mirrors.
Cenophobia - Fear of new things or ideas.
Centophobia - Fear of new things or ideas.
Ceraunophobia - Fear of thunder.
Chaetophobia - Fear of hair.
Cheimaphobia - Fear of cold.
Cheimatophobia - Fear of cold.
Chemophobia - Fear of chemicals or working with chemicals.
Cherophobia - Fear of gaiety.
Chionophobia - Fear of snow.
Chiraptophobia - Fear of being touched.
Cholerophobia - Fear of anger or the fear of cholera.
Chorophobia - Fear of dancing.
Chrematophobia - Fear of money.
Chromatophobia - Fear of colors.
Chrometophobia - Fear of money.
Chromophobia - Fear of colors.
Chronomentrophobia - Fear of clocks.
Chronophobia - Fear of time.
Cibophobia - Fear of food.
Claustrophobia - Fear of confined spaces.
Cleisiophobia - Fear of being locked in an enclosed place.
Cleithrophobia - Fear of being enclosed.
Cleithrophobia - Fear of being locked in an enclosed place.
Cleptophobia - Fear of stealing.
Climacophobia - Fear of stairs, climbing or of falling downstairs.
Clinophobia - Fear of going to bed.
Clithrophobia - Fear of being enclosed.
Cnidophobia - Fear of strings.
Coimetrophobia - Fear of cemeteries.
Coitophobia - Fear of coitus.
Cometophobia - Fear of comets.
Contreltophobia - Fear of sexual abuse.
Coprastasophobia - Fear of constipation.
Coprophobia - Fear of feces.
Coulrophobia - Fear of clowns.
Counterphobia - The preference by a phobic for fearful situations.
Cremnophobia - Fear of precipices.
Cryophobia - Fear fo extreme cold, ice or frost.
Crystallophobia - Fear of crystals or glass.
Cyberphobia - Fear of computers or working on a computer.
Cyclophobia - Fear of bicycles.
Cymophobia - Fear of waves or wave like motions.
Cynophobia - Fear of dogs or rabies.
Cyprianophobia - Fear of prostitutes or venereal disease.
Cypridophobia - Fear of prostitutes or venereal disease.
Cyprinophobia - Fear of prostitutes or venereal disease.
Cypriphobia - Fear of prostitutes or venereal disease.
Daemonophobia - Fear of demons.
Decidophobia - Fear of making decisions.
Defecaloesiphobia - Fear of painful bowels movements.
Deipnophobia - Fear of dining and dinner conversation.
Dematophobia - Fear of skin lesions.
Dementophobia - Fear of insanity.
Demonophobia - Fear of demons.
Demophobia - Fear of crowds.
Dendrophobia - Fear of trees.
Dentophobia - Fear of dentist.
Dermatophathophobia - Fear of skin disease.
Dermatophobia - Fear of skin disease.
Dermatosiophobia - Fear of skin disease.
Dextrophobia - Fear of objects at the right side of the body.
Diabetophobia - Fear of diabetes.
Didaskaleinophobia - Fear of going to school.
Diderodromophobia - Fear of trains, railroads or train travel.
Dikephobia - Fear of justice.
Dinophobia - Fear of dizziness or whirlpools.
Diplophobia - Fear of double vision.
Dipsophobia - Fear drinking.
Dishabiliophobia - Fear of undressing in front of someone.
Domatophobia - Fear of houses or being in a home.
Doraphobia - Fear of fur or skins of animals .
Dromophobia - Fear of crossing streets.
Dutchphobia - Fear of the Dutch.
Dysmorphophobia - Fear of deformity.
Dystychiphobia - Fear of accidents.
Ecclesiophobia - Fear of church.
Ecophobia - Fear of home.
Eicophobia - Fear of home surroundings.
Eisoptrophobia - Fear of mirrors or of seeing oneself in a mirror.
Electrophobia - Fear of electricity.
Eleutherophobia - Fear of freedom.
Elurophobia - Fear of cats.
Emetophobia - Fear of vomiting.
Enetophobia - Fear of pins.
Enissophobia - Fear of having committed an unpardonable sin or of criticism.
Enochlophobia - Fear of crowds.
Enosiophobia - Fear of having committed an unpardonable sin or of criticism.
Entomophobia - Fear of insects.
Eosophobia - Fear of dawn or daylight.
Epistaxiophobia - Fear of nosebleeds.
Epistemphobia - Fear of knowledge.
Equinophobia - Fear of hourse.
Eremophobia - Fear of being oneself or of lonliness.
Ereuthophobia - Fear of redlights.
Ereuthrophobia - Fear of blushing.
Ergasiophobia - Fear of work or functioning.
Surgeon's fear of operating.
Ergophobia - Fear of work.
Erotophobia - Fear of sexual love or sexual questions.
Erythrophobia - Fear of redlights. Fear of blushing. Fear of red.
Erytophobia - Fear of redlights. Fear of blushing. Fear of red.
Euphobia - Fear of hearing good news.
Eurotophobia - Fear of female genitalia.
Febriphobia - Fear of fever.
Felinophobia - Fear of cats.
Fibriophobia - Fear of fever.
Fibriphobia - Fear of fever.
Francophobia - Fear of France, French culture.
Galeophobia - Fear of cats.
Galiophobia - Fear of France, French culture.
Gallophobia - Fear of France, French culture.
Gamophobia - Fear of marriage.
Gatophobia - Fear of cats.
Geliophobia - Fear of laughter.
Geniophobia - Fear of chins.
Genophobia - Fear of sex.
Genuphobia - Fear of knees.
Gephydrophobia - Fear of crossing bridges.
Gephyrophobia - Fear of crossing bridges.
Gephysrophobia - Fear of crossing bridges.
Gerascophobia - Fear of growing old.
Germanophobia - Fear of Germany, German culture, etc.
Gerontophobia - Fear of old people or of growing old.
Geumaphobia - Fear of taste.
Geumophobia - Fear of taste.
Glossophobia - Fear of speaking in public or of trying to speak.
Gnosiophobia - Fear of knowledge.
Graphophobia - Fear of writing or handwritting.
Gymnophobia - Fear of nudity.
Gynephobia - Fear of women.
Gynophobia - Fear of women.
Hadephobia - Fear of hell.
Hagiophobia - Fear of saints or holy things.
Hamartophobia - Fear of sinning.
Haphephobia - Fear of being touched.
Haptephobia - Fear of being touched.
Harpaxophobia - Fear of being robbed.
Hedonophobia - Fear of feeling pleasure.
Heliophobia - Fear of the sun.
Hellenologophobia - Fear of Greek terms or complex scientific terminology.
Helminthophobia - Fear of being infested with worms.
Hemaphobia - Fear of blood.
Hematophobia - Fear of blood.
Hemophobia - Fear of blood.
Hereiophobia - Fear of challenges to official doctrine or of radical deviation.
Heresyphobia - Fear of challenges to official doctrine or radical deviation.
Herpetophobia - Fear of reptiles or creepy, crawly things.
Heterophobia - Fear of the opposite sex.
Hierophobia - Fear of priest or sacred things.
Hippophobia - Fear of horses.
Hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia - Fear of long words.
Hobophobia - Fear of bums or beggars.
Hodophobia - Fear of road travel.
Homichlophobia - Fear of fog.
Homilophobia - Fear of sermons.
Hominophobia - Fear of men.
Homophobia - Fear of sameness, monotony or of homosexuality or of becoming homosexual.
Hoplophobia - Fear of firearms.
Hormephobia - Fear of shock.
Hydrargyophobia - Fear of mercuial medicines.
Hydrophobia - Fear of water of of rabies.
Hydrophobophobia - Fear or rabies.
Hyelophobia - Fear of glass.
Hygrophobia - Fear of liquids, dampness, or moisture.
Hylephobia - Fear of materialism or the fear of epilepsy.
Hylophobia - Fear of forests.
Hynophobia - Fear of sleep or of being hypnotized.
Hypegiaphobia - Fear of responsibility.
Hypengyophobia - Fear of responsibility.
Hypertrichophobia - Fear of hair.
Hypsiphobia - Fear of height.
Iatrophobia - Fear of going to the doctor or doctors.
Ichthyophobia - Fear of fish.
Ideophobia - Fear of ideas.
Illyngophobia - Fear of vertigo or feeling dizzy when looking down.
Insectophobia - Fear of insects.
Iophobia - Fear of poison.
Isolophobia - Fear of solitude, being alone.
Isopterophobia - Fear of termites, insects that eat wood.
Ithyphallophobia - Fear of seeing, thinking about, or having an erect penis.
Japanophobia - Fear of Japanese.
Judeophobia - Fear of Jews.
Kainolophobia - Fear of novelty.
Kainophobia - Fear of anything new, novelty.
Kakorrhaphiophobia - Fear of failure or defeat.
Katagelophobia - Fear of ridicule.
Kathisophobia - Fear of sitting down.
Kenophobia - Fear of voids or empty spaces.
Keraunophobia - Fear of thunder and lightning.
Kinesophobia - Fear of movement or motion.
Kinetophobia - Fear of movement or motion.
Kleptophobia - Fear of movement or motion.
Koinoniphobia - Fear of rooms.
Kolpophobia - Fear of genitals, particulary female.
Koniophobia - Fear of dust.
Kopophobia - Fear of fatigue.
Kosmikophobi - Fear of cosmic phenomenon.
Kymophobia - Fear of waves.
Kynophobia - Fear of rabies.
Kyphophobia - Fear of stooping.
Lachanophobia - Fear of vegitables.
Laliophobia - Fear of speaking.
Lalophobia - Fear of speaking.
Lepraphobia - Fear of leprosy.
Leprophobia - Fear of leprosy.
Leukophobia - Fear of the color white.
Levophobia - Fear of things to the left side of the body.
Ligyrophobia - Fear of loud noises.
Lilapsophobia - Fear of tornadoes and hurricanes.
Limnophobia - Fear of lakes.
Linonophobia - Fear of string.
Liticaphobia - Fear of lawsuits.
Lockiophobia - Fear fo childbirth.
Logizomechanophobia - Fear of computers.
Logophobia - Fear of words.
Luiphobia - Fear of lues, syphillis.
Lutraphobia - Fear of otters.
Lygophobia - Fear of darkness.
Lysssophobia - Fear of rabies or of becoming mad.
Macrophobia - Fear of long waits.
Mageirocophobia- Fear of cooking.
Maieusiophobia - Fear of childbirth.
Malaxophobia - Fear of love play.
Maniaphobia - Fear of insanity.
Mastigophobia - Fear of punishment.
Mechanophobia - Fear of machines.
Medomalacuphobia - Fear of losing an erection.
Medorthophobia - Fear of an erect penis.
Megalophobia - Fear of large things.
Melanophobia - Fear of the color black.
Melissophobia - Fear of bees.
Melophobia - Fear of hatred or music.
Meningitiophobia - Fear of brain disease.
Merinthophobia - Fear of being bound or tied up.
Mertophobia - Fear or hatred of poetry.
Metallophobia - Fear of metal.
Metathesiophobia - Fear of changes.
Meterorophobia - Fear of Meteors.
Methyphobia - Fear of alcohol.
Microbiophobia - Fear of microbes.
Microphobia - Fear of small things.
Misophobia - Fear of being contaminated with dirt or germs.
Mnemophobia - Fear of memories.
Molysmophobia - Fear of dirt or contamination.
Molysomophobia - Fear of dirt or contamination.
Monopathophobia - Fear of difinite disease.
Monophobia - Fear of solitude or being alone.
Monophobia - Fear of menstruation.
Motorphobia - Fear of automobiles.
Mottophobia - Fear of moths.
Murophobia - Fear of mice.
Musophobia - Fear of mice.
Mycophobia - Fear or aversion to mushrooms.
Mycrophobia - Fear of small things.
Myctophobia - Fear of darkness.
Myrmecophobia - Fear of ants.
Mysophobia - Fear of germs or contamination or dirt.
Mythophobia - Fear of myths or stories or false statements.
Myxophobia - Fear of slime.
Namatophobia - Fear of names.
Nebulaphobia - Fear of fog.
Necrophobia - Fear of death or or dead things.
Nelophobia - Fear of glass.
Neopharmaphobia - Fear of new drugs.
Neophobia - Fear of anything new.
Nephophobia - Fear of clouds.
Noctiphobia - Fear of the night.
Nosemaphobia - Fear of becoming ill.
Nosocomephobia - Fear of hospitals.
Nosophobia - Fear of becoming ill.
Nostophobia - Fear of returning home.
Novercaphobia - Fear of your step-mother.
Nucleomituphobia - Fear of nuclear weapons.
Nudophobia - Fear of nudity.
Numerophobia - Fear of numbers.
Nyctohlophobia - Fear of dark wooded areas, of forest at night.
Nyctophobia - Fear of the dark or of the night.
Obesophobia - Fear of gaining weight.
Ochlophobia - Fear of crowds or mobs.
Ochophobia - Fear of vehicles.
Octophobia - Fear of the figure 8.
Odontophobia - Fear of teeth or dental surgery.
Odynephobia - Fear of pain.
Odynophobia - Fear of pain.
Oenophobia - Fear of wines.
Oikophobia - Fear of home surroundings, house.
Oikophobia - Fear of houses or being in a house.
Oikophobia - Fear of home surroundings.
Olfactophobia - Fear of smells.
Ombrophobia - Fear of rain or being rained on.
Ommatophobia - Fear of eyes.
Ommetaphobia - Fear of eyes.
Oneirogmophobia - Fear of wet dreams.
Oneirophobia - Fear of dreams.
Onomatophobia - Fear of hearing a certain word or names.
Ophidiophobia - Fear of snakes.
Opthalmophobia - Fear of being stared at.
Optophobia - Fear of opening one's eyes.
Ornithophobia - Fear of birds.
Orthophobia - Fear of property.
Osmophobia - Fear of smells or odors.
Osphesiophobia - Fear of smells or odors.
Ostraconophobia - Fear of shellfish.
Ouranophobia - Fear of heaven.
Pagophobia - Fear of ice or frost.
Panophobia - Fear of everything.
Panthophobia - Fear of suffering and disease.
Pantophobia - Fear of everything.
Papaphobia - Fear fo the Pope.
Papyrophobia - Fear of paper.
Paralipophobia - Fear of neglecting duty or responsibility.
Paraphobia - Fear of sexual perversion.
Parasitophobia - Fear of parasites.
Paraskavedekatriaphobia - Fear of Friday the 13th.
Parthenophobia - Fear of virgins or young girls.
Parturiphobia - Fear of childbirth.
Pathophobia - Fear of disease.
Patroiophobia - Fear of heredity.
Peccatophobia - Fear of sinning.
Pediculophobia - Fear of lice.
Pediophobia - Fear of dolls.
Pedophobia - Fear of children.
Peladophobia - Fear of bald people.
Pellagrophobia - Fear of pellagra.
Peniaphobioa - Fear of poverty.
Pentheraphobia - Fear of mother-in-law.
Phagophobia - Fear of swallowing or eating or of being eaten.
Phalacrophobia - Fear of becoming bald.
Phallophobia - Fear of penis, esp erect.
Pharmacophobia - Fear of taking medicine.
Pharmacophobia - Fear of drugs.
Phasmophobia - Fear of ghost.
Phengophobia - Fear of daylight or sunshine.
Philemaphobia - Fear of kissing.
Philematophobia - Fear of kissing.
Philophobia - Fear of falling in love or being in love.
Philosophobia - Fear of philosophy.
Phobophobia - Fear of phobias.
Phonophobia - Fear of noises or voices or one's own voice; of telephones.
Photoaugliaphobia - Fear of glaring lights.
Photophobia - Fear of light.
Phronemophobia - Fear of thinking.
Phthiriophobia - Fear of lice.
Phthisiophobia - Fear of tuberculosis.
Placophobia - Fear of tombstones.
Plutophobia - Fear of wealth.
Pluviophobia - Fear of rain or of being rained on.
Pneumatiphobia - Fear of spirits.
Pnigerophobia - Fear of choking or of being smothered.
Pnigophobia - Fear of choking or of being smothered.
Pocrescophobia - Fear of gaining weight.
Pocresophobia - Fear of gaining weight.
Pogonophobia - Fear of beards.
Poinephobia - Fear of punishment.
Poliosophobia - Fear of contracting poliomyelitis.
Politicophobia - Fear or abnormal dislike of politicians.
Polyphobia - Fear of many things.
Ponophobia - Fear of overworking or of pain.
Porphyrophobia - Fear of the color purple.
Potamophobia - Fear of rivers or running water.
Potophobia - Fear of alcohol.
Proctophobia - Fear or rectum.
Prosophobia - Fear of progress.
Psellismophobia - Fear of stuttering.
Psychophobia - Fear of mind.
Psychrophobia - Fear of cold.
Pteromerhanophobia - Fear of flying.
Pteronophobia - Fear of being tickled by feathers.
Pupaphobia - Fear of puppets.
Pyrexiophobia - Fear of fever.
Pyrophobia - Fear of fire.
Radiophobia - Fear of radiation, x-rays.
Ranidaphobia - Fear of frogs.
Rectophobia - Fear of rectum or rectal diseases.
Rhabdophobia - Fear of being severely punished or beaten by a rod, or of being severely criticized.Also fear of magic (wand).
Rhypophobia - Fear of defecation.
Rhytiphobia - Fear of getting wrinkles.
Rupophobia - Fear of dirt.
Russophobia - Fear of Russians.
Samhainophobia - Fear of Halloween.
Sarmassophobia - Fear of love play.
Sarmassophobia - Fear of love play.
Satanophobia - Fear of Satin.
Scabiophobia - Fear of scabies.
Scatophobia - Fear of fecal matter.
Scelerophobia - Fear of bad men, burglars.
Sciaphobia - Fear of shadows.
Sciophobia - Fear of shadows.
Scoionophobia - Fear of school.
Scoleciphobia - Fear of worms.
Scopophobia - Fear of being seen or stared at.
Scoptophobia - Fear of being seen or stared at.
Scotomaphobia - Fear of blindness in visual field.
Scotophobia - Fear of darkness.
Scriptophobia - Fear of writing in public.
Selaphobia - Fear of light flashes.
Selenophobia - Fear of the moon.
Seplophobia - Fear of decaying matter.
Sesquipedalophobia - Fear of long words.
Sexophobia - Fear of the opposit sex.
Sexophobia - Fear of the opposite sex.
Siderophobia - Fear of stars.
Sinistrophobia - Fear of things to the left, left-handed.
Sinophobia - Fear of Chinese, Chinese culture.
Sitiophobia - Fear of food.
Sitiophobia - Fear of food or eating.
Sitophobia - Fear of food or eating.
Sitophobia - Fear of food.
Snakephobia - Fear of snakes.
Soceraphobia - Fear of parents-in-law.
Social Phobia - Fear of being evaluated negatively in social situations.
Sociophobia - Fear of society or people in general.
Somniphobia - Fear of sleep.
Sophophobia - Fear of learning.
Soteriophobia - Fear of dependence on others.
Spacephobia - Fear of outer space.
Spectrophobia - Fear of specters or ghosts.
Spermatophobia - Fear of germs.
Spermophobia - Fear of germs.
Spheksophobia - Fear of wasps.
Stasibasiphobia - Fear fo standing or walking.
Stasiphobia - Fear of standing or walking.
Staurophobia - Fear of crosses or the crucifix.
Stenophobia - Fear of narrow things or places.
Stigiophobia - Fear of hell.
Stygiophobia - Fear of hell.
Suriphobia - Fear of mice.
Symbolophobia - Fear of symbolism.
Symmetrophobia - Fear of symmetry.
Syngenesophobia - Fear of relatives.
Syphilophobia - Fear of syphilis.
Tachophobia - Fear of speed.
Taeniophobia - Fear of tapeworms.
Teniophobia - Fear of tapeworms.
Taphephobia - Fear of being buried alive or of cemeteries.
Taphophobia - Fear of being buried alive or of cemeteries.
Tapinophobia - Fear of being contagious.
Taurophobia - Fear of bulls.
Technophobia - Fear of technology.
Teleophobia - Fear fo difinite plans. Fear of Religious ceremony.
Telephonophobia - Fear of telephones.
Teratophobia - Fear of bearing a deformed child or fear of monsters or deformed people.
Testaphobia - Fear of taking test.
Tetanophobia - Fear of lockjaw, tetnus.
Teutophobia - Fear of German or German things.
Textophobia - Fear of certain fabrics.
Thaasophobia - Fear of sitting.
Thalassophobia - Fear of the sea.
Thanatophobia - Fear of death or dying.
Thantophobia - Fear of death or dying.
Theatrophobia - Fear of theaters.
Theophobia - Fear of gods or religion.
Theologicophobia - Fear of theology.
Thermophobia - Fear of heat.
Tocophobia - Fear of pregnancy or childbirth.
Tomophobia - Fear of surgical operations.
Tonitrophobia - Fear of thunder.
Topophobia - Fear of certain places or situations, such as stage fright.
Toxiphobia - Fear of poison or of being accidently poisoned.
Toxophobia - Fear of poison or of being accidently poisoned.
Toxicophobia - Fear of poison or of being accidently poisoned.
Traumatophobia - Fear of injury.
Tremophobia - Fear of trembling.
Trichinophobia - Fear of trichinosis.
Trichopathophobia - Fear of hair.
Trichophobia - Fear of hair.
Triskaidekaphobia - Fear of the number 13.
Tropophobia - Fear of moving or making changes.
Trypanophobia - Fear of injections.
Tuberculophobia - Fear of tuberculosis.
Tyrannophobia - Fear of tyrants.
Uranophobia - Fear of heaven.
Urophobia - Fear of urine or urinating.
Vaccinophobia - Fear of vaccination.
Venustraphobia - Fear of beautiful women.
Verbophobia - Fear of words.
Verminophobia - Fear of germs.
Vestiphobia - Fear of clothing.
Virginitiphobia - Fear of rape.
Vitricophobia - Fear of step-father.
Walloonphobia - Fear of Walloons.
Wiccaphobia - Fear of witches and witchcraft.
Xanthophobia - Fear of the color yellow or the word yellow.
Xenophobia - Fear of strangers or foreigners.
Xerophobia - Fear of dryness.
Xylophobia - Fear of wooden objects. Forests.
Zelophobia - Fear of jelousy.
Zeusophobia - Fear of God or gods.
Zemmiphobia - Fear of the great mole rat.
Zoophobia - Fear of animals.

Living One Day At A Time

Our lives are made up of a million moments, spent in a million different ways. Some are spent searching for love, peace, and harmony. Others are spent surviving day by day.

But there is no greater moment than when we find that life, with all it's joys and sorrows, is meant to be lived one day at a time. It's in this knowledge that we discover the most wonderful truth of all.


Whether we live in a forty-room mansion, surrounded by servants and wealth, or find it a struggle to manage the rent month to month, we have it within our power to be fully satisfied and live a life with true meaning.

One day at a time - we have the abilty, through cherishing each moment and rejoicing in each dream. We can experience each day a new and with this fresh start we have what it takes to make all our dreams come true.


Each day is new, and living one day at a time enables us to truly enjoy life and live it to the fullest.

Think differently and positively

A blind boy sat on the steps of a building with a hat by his feet. He held up a sign which said: 'I am blind, please help.' There were only a few coins in the hat.

A man was walking by. He took a few coins from his pocket and dropped them into the hat. He then took the sign, turned it around, and wrote some words.

He put the sign back so that everyone who walked by would see the new words.

Soon the hat began to fill up. A lot more people were giving money to the blind boy. That afternoon the man who had changed the sign came to see how things were. The boy recognized his footsteps and asked, 'Were you the one who changed my sign this morning? What did you write?'

The man said, 'I only wrote the truth. I said what you said but in a different way.'

What he had written was: 'Today is a beautiful day and I cannot see it.'

Do you think the first sign and the second sign were saying the same thing?

Of course both signs told people the boy was blind. But the first sign simply said the boy was blind. The second sign told people they were so lucky that they were not blind.

Should we be surprised that the second sign was more effective?

Moral of the Story: Be thankful for what you have.
Be creative. Be innovative. Think differently and positively.

LEAVE LETTERS

This is a collection of leave letters and applications written by people in various places of India ...

1. Infosys, Bangalore : An employee applied for leave as follows:
Since I have to go to my village to sell my land along with my wife, please sanction me one-week leave.

2. This is from Oracle Bangalore:
From an employee who was performing the "mundan" ceremony of his 10 year old son: "as I want to shave my son's head, please leave me for two days.."

3. Another gem from CDAC. Leave-letter from an employee who was performing his daughter's wedding:
"as I am marrying my daughter, please grant a week's leave.."

4. From H.A.L. Administration dept:
"As my mother-in-law has expired and I am only one responsible for it, please grant me 10 days leave."

5. Another employee applied for half day leave as follows:
"Since I've to go to the cremation ground at 10 o-clock and I may not return, please grant me half day casual leave"

6. An incident of a leave letter
"I am suffering from fever, please declare one day holiday."

7. A leave letter to the headmaster:
"As I am studying in this school I am suffering from headache. I request you to leave me today"

8. Another leave letter written to the headmaster:
"As my headache is paining, please grant me leave for the day."

9. Covering note: "I am enclosed herewith..."

10. Another one:
"Dear Sir: with reference to the above, please refer to my below..."

11. Actual letter written for application of leave:
"My wife is suffering from sickness and as I am her only husband at home I may be granted leave".

12. Letter writing: -
"I am in well here and hope you are also in the same well."

13. A candidate's job application:
"This has reference to your advertisement calling for a ' Typist and an Accountant - Male or Female'...As I am both(!! )for the past several years and I can handle both with good experience, I am applying for the post.

What it's called

Sometimes it's on the tip of your tongue... "What is it called again?" It's not always easy to remember those out-of-the-ordinary things but to refresh your memory, here's what it is called.

Mid-men, the male versions of mid-wives, are called accouchers.

The plastic things on the end of shoelaces are called aglets.

The distance that a place holder falls from a glass when it is lifted (you know, place holders sometimes get stuck to the bottom of a cold glass when you lift the glass) is called a bevemeter, a sniglet coined by comedian Rich Hall (who also coined "sniglet").

The study of creatures such as Bigfoot, the chupacabra, and the Loch Ness monster is called cryptozoology. Zoologist Bernard Heuvelmans coined the term to describe his investigations of animals unknown to science.

The apparatus used in alcohol distilleries for freeing the spirit from water is called the dephlegmator.

One that speaks two languages - is bilingual - can be said to be diglot.

Ducks are never male. The males of the species are called drakes. In a casino, however, ducks is a nickname for a pair of deuces.

The working section of a piano is called the action.

Shoemakers are commonly called cobblers but correctly speaking a cobbler is a shoe repairmen. A shoemaker is a cordwainer - they also made leather bottles and harnesses.

The device at the intersection of two railroad tracks to permit the wheels and flanges on one track to cross or branch for the other is called a frog.

A specific length of thread or yarn according to the type of fiber is called a hank. For linen, a hank is 274 metres (300 yards); for cotton, it is 768 metres (840 yards).

The white part of your fingernail is called the lunula.

The thin line of cloud that forms behind an aircraft at high altitudes is called a contrail.

A depth of 2 fathoms (3,6 metres) is called a Mark Twain. Originally a fathom was the space reached by with two arms outstretched.

In the early days of film making, people who worked on the sets were called movies. The films were called motion pictures.

The tendency of the leaves or petals of certain plants to assume a different position at night is called nyctitropism.

The back of the human hand is the opisthenar.

Revealing personality traits through writing is referred to as graphology. See What Your Handwriting Means

Someone who uses as few words as possible when speaking is called pauciloquent.

People that study fish are called ichthyologists.

The pin that holds a hinge together is called a pintle.

The gland responsible for producing the hormone that regulates growth is called the pituitary gland. It is the size of a pea.

A melody is a group of notes in a certain order that results in a sweet or agreeable sound. An easily remembered melody is called a tune.

Compulsive shopping was identified by a German psychiatrist almost a hundred years ago. Clinically it is known as oniomania. Shopaholics are the people who do not suffer from chrematophobia, which is the fear of touching money. Also see phobias

In early France the distance a man could walk while smoking one pipeful of tobacco was called a pipee.

The central shaft of a bird's feather which bears the vane or web of the feather is called a rachis.

The small cup in which an espresso is served is called a demitasse.

A philologist study linguistics and etymology.

People who cannot taste or smell suffer from anosmia.

The hairless area of roughened skin at the tip of a bear's snout is called the rhinarium.

Someone who habitually picks their nose is called a rhinotillexomaniac (rhino=nose, tillexis=habit of picking at something, mania=obsession with something).

A building in which silence is enforced, like a library or school room, is referred to as a silentium.

The ear-splitting sound produced by the high notes of a bagpipe is called a skirl.

The fleshy projection above the bill on a turkey is called a snood.

People who chase after rare birds are called twitchers.

4 gills of ale and beer is 1 pint, 2 pints = 1 quart, 4 quarts = 1 gallon, 9 gallons = 1 firkin, 2 firkins = 1 kilderkin, 3 kilderkins = 1 hogshead, 2 hogsheads = 1 butt.

The practice of eating insects is called entomophagy
Most insects are edible. According to eatbug.com, there are 1,462 recorded species of edible insects. And they're quite nutritious. For instance, 100 grams of cricket contains only 121 calories, less than half of beef. A cricket contains only 5,5 grams of fat, compared to 21,2g of beef. Beef contains more protein (23,5g - a cricket 12.9g) but the 100g of cricket also contains 5,1g of carbohydrates, 75,8 mg calcium, 185,3 mg phosphorous, 9,5 mg iron, thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin

Animal Male Female Young as a Group
AntelopeBull Cow Calf Herd
Bear Boar Sow Cub Sloth
Cat Tom Queen Kitten Clowder
Cattle Bull Cow Calf Herd/Drove.
Chicken Cock/Rooster Hen Chick Flock
Deer Buck/Hart/Stag. Doe/Hind Fawn Herd.
Dog Dog Bitch pup Kennel.
Donkey Jackass Jeneet/Jenny foal/colt Pace.
ElephantBull Cow Calf Herd.
Fox Dog Vixen Cub Skulk.
Giraffe Bull Cow Calf Herd.
Goat Billy/Buck Nanny/Doe Kid Herd.
Goose Gander Goose Gosling Flock/Gaggle.
Horse Stallion Mare foalt/colt(male)/filly(female) Herd.
KangarooBuck/Boomer Doe/flier joey Herd/troop/mob.
Lion Lion Lioness Cub Pride.
Ostrich Cock Hen Chick flock/troop.
Pig Boar Sow shoat/farrow/piglet. herd/drove/sounder.
Rabbit Buck Doe Kindle/kitten. Warren.
Rat Buck Doe ******* Colony.
Seal Bull Cow pup/whelp rookery/trip.
Sheep Ram Ewe Lamb flock
Swan Cob pen cygnet flock
Turkey Cock/gobbler/tomhen poult dule
Whale Bull cow calf school/pod
Zebra Stallion mare foal herd.

1st Death Anniversary

It seems like it has happened only yesterday, but a year has weaned since my beloved father has passed away.

I still haven't come to realize the fact that he is no longer with us any more, but he will continue to cherish in our thoughts for ever. It feels quite surreal that he isn't physically here anymore.

He left us with great values, traditions, thoughts which we will try to hold until our breath.

If we are, what we are today, thanks to you DAD.

with tears
grieving family members